Unsightly dentures sitting in a glass on a bedside locker may have been a cruel reality for our parents but, for those of us entering our third age in the 21st century, time is more likely to be kind to our smile.

Just 40 years ago, a national survey revealed that as many as 72 per cent of older Irish people were edentulous (completely toothless), according to a report on the oral health of older people that was published by the National Council on Aging and Older People (www.ncaop.ie).

Most recent statistics from 2002 indicate that this rate has fallen to around 41 per cent. Other experts suggest that by 2019 only 20 per cent of older adults in developed countries will be without their natural teeth.

Keeping our teeth as older adults also has a huge impact on our physical health. In fact, a recent Japanese study revealed that older people with 20 or more natural teeth tended to live longer than their peers with fewer than 20 teeth, largely due to their ability to consume a more varied diet.

Oral health also affects our overall psychosocial well-being. Without our teeth, our ability to smile, kiss, chew and speak is affected, which has an impact on our self-esteem and ability to socialise.

However, if our teeth are to last a lifetime, good care is a must. Medical card holders and their dependents receive free basic dental care, while those with PRSI contributions can claim some costs under the Dental Benefit Scheme.

Changes to look out for

• Teeth become darker and less white
• Gums recede and may expose roots of teeth to plaque and tooth decay
• Watch out for loose fillings, which can allow bacteria in and cause decay
• Older teeth can become brittle and more prone to crack
• Tooth wear can become an issue for older teeth
• A dry mouth is not uncommon and may be the side effect of medication. Your teeth need saliva to wash away food debris and help prevent tooth decay. Check with your dentist about an oral moisturising gel, saliva substitute or sugarless chewing gum to stimulate saliva.

Caring for older teeth

• Regular check-ups with your dentist is one of the best ways to ensure life-long dental health, according to the Irish Dental Health Foundation
• Ensure you have a good, balanced diet that includes calcium-rich foods to promote strong teeth
• Vitamin D can prevent gum inflammation, according to the British Dental Journal. Get it from oily fish and sunshine
• Avoid carbonated drinks as they can contribute to dry mouth and tooth decay
• Brush teeth at least twice a day with a soft or medium brush and floss regularly
• Opt for a fluoride toothpaste
• Drink plenty of water
• Wear a tooth guard at night to reduce wear and tear from ‘grinding’
• Avoid smoking, alcohol and caffeinated drinks, which can stain your teeth
• Contact your dentist if you have sore gums, painful chewing, swollen or bleeding gums or loose teeth
• Avoid sugary snacks and drinks between meals